Constellation designRecorded resultEngine loading. You can already explore this result.
How many navigation satellites can you see from anywhere on Earth?
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Kshana Studio
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A positioning, navigation and timing simulator that runs in your browser. Nothing is uploaded. Pick a question, or start from the result below.
Everything Kshana can do
Each area shows a real recorded result and the mix of evidence behind it.
Open your own files
Pages that run the engine on your own settings and files. Each one works in this browser; nothing is uploaded.
- GeometryWhich satellites can you see from a place, and how good is their geometry? Draw the skyline.
- Lunar stationWhat accuracy could a reference station near the lunar south pole give, and where? MODELLED.
- Receiver trustCan the bridge trust this fix? Score a vessel's NMEA log.
- Interference mapWhere aircraft and ships reported degraded navigation data, and a route's exposure.
- Training debriefGenerate a drift or jamming exercise stream and debrief the instructor log.
- Bridge replayTwo synthetic runs on one clock: track, trust score, live skyplot and the verdict.
- Optical PNTThe two optical-atmosphere scenarios: availability against the cloud ceiling, outages and site diversity.
- Space-user GNSSWhich navigation signals a spacecraft far above the satellites can still use, and how well an onboard filter and a formation do with them.
- Lunar infrastructureWhat lunar orbiters and a surface station can do as navigation and geodetic infrastructure, with the misses stated.
- Interference observatoryOpen a day's observatory files and read them: three states, no cause, nothing uploaded.
- Holdover testPull the antenna, score the holdover: a time-error record measured against the ITU-T masks.
- Evidence packsCheck a signed pack, or attach a time stamp.
- Test-bench exportMotion and event files for a laboratory simulator.
- Compliance mappingWhat your runs evidence against published frameworks.
- OSNMA checkWhether recorded Galileo data is authenticated, tag by tag.
- AI assistantUse Kshana from your assistant through the MCP server.
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All scenarios
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Views of this result
Figures of merit
The tier is each figure's validation status, read from the engine's own figure_tiers block: validated means checked against an independent external oracle; modelled means first-principles physics with tests, not yet oracle-checked.
Every published figure
Read from the result document with the unit, note and provenance the engine records for each one.
Filter health Kalman self-consistency
A consistent filter's reported uncertainty matches its actual errors. NIS (normalised innovation squared) should sit near 1 and NEES (normalised estimation error squared) near 2, each inside its 95% χ² band.
Time series
Each series this run publishes, against time. Hover or drag across the chart to read the values.
C/N0 by satellite carrier-to-noise density, dB-Hz
Each cell is one satellite at one epoch from this run. Hatched cells are below the receiver's tracking threshold: that satellite is lost.
Band
Interference outcome
Holdover error since GNSS was lost
Move the budget and the time-to-breach is read off this run's own error record. The engine's holdover figure, computed at the scenario's budget, is shown alongside and is the authoritative number. Change the clock or the outage in the parameters to re-run the physics.
MTIE maximum time interval error
TDEV time deviation
Mask checks and holdover budgets
Each check's limit is plotted as a ring at the averaging time where the margin was worst. Masks are transcribed from the ITU-T (International Telecommunication Union Telecommunication Standardization Sector) Recommendations named in each row.
Clock stability overlapping Allan deviation σy(τ)
Lower is better. Fractional-frequency stability against averaging time τ, on log axes.
Orbit Earth-centred inertial frame
Drag to rotate, scroll to zoom.
Ground track
Parameter sweep
Run the engine once per value and plot one figure of merit. Add a second parameter for a heat map. Every point is a real engine run, up to 60.
Compare runs pinned runs side by side
Key figures, run against run
The headline readouts of each pinned run; the change is against run A.